2018年专升本英语冲刺习题：阅读理解专项练习答案以解析

　　做过练习后，分析答案也很重要，从中找到自己的不足加以改善，一步一步来，相信你们会获得更好的成绩!

　　Reading Comprehension (30 points, 30minutes)

　　Section A Passage Understanding (26 points, 2 points each)

　　Directions: This part is to test your reading ability.There are 3 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by somequestions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choicesmarked A), B), C), and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark thecorresponding letter.

　　Passage One

　　Questions 1 to 5 are based on the followingpassage.

　　Clothes playtwo major roles: functional and decorational. When we buy clothes, there aremore factors to take into consideration: size, price and durability.

　　Functionalconsiderations in buying clothes are obvious because we wear different clothesfor different seasons and different occasions. We rule out any possibility ofbuying an article unless it fits us perfectly. For most of us, price anddurability still greatly influence our buying. But as people’s pockets becomemore and more bulging(膨胀)nowadays, these two factors carry less and less weight when people make theirdecisions at a fashion shop.

　　Perhaps themost difficult decision to make in buying a piece of clothing is about itsstyle on esthetical (审美学的)grounds; its shape, its color ,the texture of its material, and its Workmanship. As what we wear tellsstories about us, showing to others what kind of people we are and what kind oftaste we have, we cannot afford to be careless about this. We try a coat on andstand before a mirror, turning this way and that, imaging how others wouldthink of us in it. When finally we decided to take it, it is because we areconvinced that we have properly exercised our taste in addition to otherpractical considerations.

　　1. We buy clothes for all of the followingreasons EXCET

　　A)it can keep us from cold B) itlooks good on us

　　C)we like its color D) wehave money

　　2.The fact that we wear different clothes for different seasons and occasions isa good example of .

　　A)the clothes’ decorational role B) theclothes’ functional role

　　C)the clothes’ price factor D) theclothes’ size factor

　　3. What it the least important factor consideredby a rich customer in a fashion shop?

　　A)Workmanship. B) Size. C) Price. D) Color.

　　4. ‘‘Workmanship’’ in the last paragraph can beparaphrased as

　　A)tailor’s wage B) theclothing factory

　　C)the skill used in making clothes D)the ship design on the clothes

　　5. The clothes can tell people all of thefollowing but

　　A)what kind of taste you have B)what kind of people you are

　　C)What kind of dish you have for lunch D)stories about you

　　Passage One

　　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了衣服的功能性和装饰性的两大作用以及影响顾客购买与否的具体因素。

　　1.D) 细节题。选项A)是衣服的功能性作用，选项B)、C)都是衣服的装饰性作用，显然都是我们购买衣服的原因。原文虽然提到，人们的钱包鼓起来了，价格因素已经不是那么重要了，但是我们有钱了并不是我们买衣服的原因。

　　2. B)细节题。有第二段第一句“Functionalconsiderations in buying clothes are obvious because we wear different clothesfor different seasons and different occasions”可知正确答案为B)。

　　3. C)细节题。有第二段最后一句“Butas people’s pockets become more and more bulging(膨胀) nowadays, these two factorscarry less and less weight when people make their decisions at a fashion shop.”可知，对于有钱人来说，价格和耐用性因素已经越来越不重要了，故选C)。

　　4. C)词义推测题。根据单词所在句子可知，workmanship 于样式、颜色、质地等并列，都是对衣服款式从审美学角度考虑的因素之一。浏览四个选项，只有C)“做工”最符合句意。另外，名词后缀-ship，表示情况、性质、技巧、技能、技巧，以及身份、职业等。如friendship, membership,scholarship。

　　5.C)细节题。由第三段第二句“Aswhat we wear tells stories about us, showing to others what kind of people weare and what kind of taste we have, we cannot afford to be careless aboutthis.”可知A) B) D) 三项都是着装会流露的信息，只有C)项不在其中，故为正确答案。

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 6 to9 are based on the following passage.

　　If you don’t want people to know too much about you, then you had better keep yourfridge contents secret according to a British market research document releasedlast week.

　　Researchers gazed (凝视) at thefridges of 400 people in British and compared the contents with the owner’slifestyles. They claim to be able to classify the nation’s people by fridgecontents.

　　They say that the people can be separated intofive categories: “nutrition nerds (no social sense)”, “food faddies (whatever’sin style)”, “martyr mums”, “fast food fanatics” and “restaurant regulars”.

　　“Nutritionnerds” care much about what they put into their bodies. Their fridges arestocked with fruit, vegetables and healthy meat.

　　Peoplein this category tend to be highly organized and usually work in law oraccountancy. The vast majority are single, but if they have a partner, thatperson will be similar.

　　A fridge full of vitamins-enriched juicesimplies its owner works in media or fashion. They tend not to eat the foodsthey buy. Known as the “food faddies”, they just want to be seen as purchasingthe latest important things.

　　Afridge filled with everything from steak to frozen fish suggests the “martyrmums”. Her fridge tends to be stocked with every kind of product, except whatshe herself would want. This fridge hints at difficulty balancing family andwork life.

　　“Fastfood fanatics” always buy mineral water or soda pop; the nearest they will getto fresh fruit is tomato sauce. Their fridges hint at someone who works hardand plays hard. Also, someone who is not into long term planning.

　　Finally,a fridge filled with nothing more than a bottle of white wine and some sparkingmineral water implies an owner who is single, lives in a big city and enjoysthe finer things in life. The fridge is empty because this person regularlyeats in restaurants.

　　6. We can learn from the first two paragraphsthat _________.

　　A)some researchers are fond of staring at other people’s fridges

　　B)people don’t want others to know about their fridges

　　C) thefood you put in the fridge has something to do with your personality

　　D)there are mainly five kinds of lifestyles among British people

　　7. According to the passage, people who belongto “food faddies” ________.

　　A)don’t care much about money when buying things

　　B) willtry their best to stay healthy

　　C)often stay up late to finish their job

　　D)prefer to ask others about what to do next

　　8. What will those who often dine out put in thefridge?

　　A)All kinds of food they like B)Only something to drink

　　C)Fruit, vegetables and meats D) Food rich in vitamins

　　9. According to the passage, what might be thetitle for the text?

　　A)Keep your fridge a secret B) Youare what’s in your fridge

　　C) Whatto put in the fridge? D) Becareful about your fridge

　　Passage Two

　　本文是一篇说明文。主要内容是：英国一项研究表明，冰箱内的食品可以反映主人的个性及生活方式。根据冰箱内食品不同，可以把人们分为五类：nutrition nerds、foodfaddies、martyr mums、fast food fanatics 以及restaurantregulars ，并分别予以详细说明。

　　6. C)推断题。前两段的主要内容是：根据英国上周公布的关于市场调查的研究，如果你不想让别人对你了解太多，最好把冰箱内的食品保密。研究者观察了英国400人冰箱内的食品，并与他们的生活方式做了比较，声称根据冰箱内的食品可以把人们分成几大类。由此可见，冰箱内食品与人们的个性特征是有关系的。故选C)。选项D)的意思是“英国人主要有五种生活方式”，这与原文“根据冰箱内的食品可以把人们分为五类”不同的。

　　7. A)推断题。第六段最后一句“…theyjust want to be seen as purchasing the lastest important things”的意思是：foodfaddies 只是想让人觉得他们在购买最新的很重要的东西。可见他们在购买食品时并不在乎花钱多少。故选A)。选项B)指的是nutritionnerds ;C)、D)两项文中均未提及，也无法判断出。

　　8.B)细节题。由最后一段第一句“…filled with nothing more than a bottle of white wine andsome sparkling mineral water …”可知正确答案为B)。

　　9. B)主旨题。根据全文的主要内容“通过冰箱内的食品可以了解一个人的个性特征”不难看出本文最佳标题应为B)。其他各选项只是一些细节，均不能概括全篇主题。

　　Passage Three

　　Questions 10 to13 are based on the following passage.

　　Acontract is an agreement, which is enforceable by law. It can be long or short,formal or informal, simple or complicated, and verbal or written. Without acontract or agreement to bind the contracting parties, any internationalbusiness or transaction would be impossible. Long ago, people exchangedpromises in making bargains and binding the conduct of others. This exchange ofpromises came to be known as “agreement” and became more and more important in thefield of business. A promise or agreement is reached as a result of the processof offer and acceptance. When an agreement is reached, a contract is formed.Once a contract is officially signed by the concerned parties, it creates legalobligations in the sense of law.

　　Acontract is the only document between the parties to which they may refer forclarification of mutual responsibilities. It should not be viewed as merely adocument that initiates transaction and then filed and forgotten by thecontracting parties. It must be drafted with an awareness of the background ofthe law in which the transaction takes place. It is proper to obtain legaladvice as to the best of set of contractual terms appropriated to the productand type of business.

　　Thoughmost of the contracts have many provisions (条款) in common, each is different from the othersowing to the nature of the goods. Whether we are dealing with a long orpreprinted form of the contract, there are certain key provisions that everycontract should contain to avoid ambiguity (含糊) and possible future conflicts. Whether toinclude other specific provisions depends on the type of goods, shipping andinsurance complexities, and degree of trust and mutual confidence existingbetween the buyer and seller.

　　10. According to the passage the main purpose ofmaking a contract is to ___________.

　　A)legalize a promise between related parts

　　B) bindthe contracting parties

　　C)initiate a transaction

　　D) makebargains

　　11. A contract can not create legal obligationsin the sense of law unless ________________.

　　A)it s agreed on by concerned parties

　　B) thecontracting parties accept it

　　C) itis enforced by law

　　D) thecontracting parties sign it officially

　　12. Which of the following statements about thecontract is TRUE?

　　A)It must be an agreement in the written form.

　　B) Itis a way of minimizing conflicts in international business or transaction.

　　C) Itsmain function in commerce is to begin a transaction.

　　D) Itshould contain as many details as possible.

　　13.In drafting a contract of international transaction, one need NOT take intoconsideration __________.

　　A)the nature of the goods

　　B) theproducts and type of business

　　C) thelaws of a specific country where the business is to be done

　　D) thephysical health of contracting parties

　　PassageThree

　　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了合同的产生、作用以及因法律背景、商品的性质等因素其条款各有不同。

　　10. B)细节题。由第一段第二句“Withouta contract or agreement to bind the contracting parties , any internationalbusiness or transaction would be impossible”可知正确答案为B)。

　　11. D)细节题。由第一段最后一句“Once a contract is officially signed by the concernedparties , it creates legal obligations in the sense of law”可知正确答案为D)。

　　12. B)细节题。由第三段第二句“…there are certain key provisions that every contract should contain to avoidambiguity (含糊) and possible future conflicts”可知正确答案为B)。由文中“…and verbal or written”、“It should not be viewed asmerely a document that initiates transaction …”、“Whether to include otherspecific provisions depends on the type of goods…”各句可知A)、C)、D)各项均与原文事实不符。

　　13. D)细节题。由第二段最后两句和第三段第一句可知A)、B)、C)各项均为起草合同时要考虑的因素。只有项D)不在其中，故为正确答案。